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	<title>Comments on: Age Models at Quelccaya and Kilimanjaro</title>
	<atom:link href="http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/</link>
	<description>by Steve McIntyre</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Sat, 25 May 2013 16:04:22 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Goodbye, Quelccaya Glacier, Hellow Hell &#124; elcidharth</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-410390</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Goodbye, Quelccaya Glacier, Hellow Hell &#124; elcidharth]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Apr 2013 21:16:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-410390</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] 24, 2005 at 9:10 AM, filed under Proxies, Thompson and tagged kilimanjaro, quelccaya. Bookmark the permalink. Follow any comments here with the RSS feed for this post. Post a comment or leave a trackback: [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] 24, 2005 at 9:10 AM, filed under Proxies, Thompson and tagged kilimanjaro, quelccaya. Bookmark the permalink. Follow any comments here with the RSS feed for this post. Post a comment or leave a trackback: [...]</p>
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	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Willis Eschenbach</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-39088</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Willis Eschenbach]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Aug 2006 06:04:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-39088</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Re 13, thanks, John. Now I just have to figure out how it relates to the other equation above ...

w.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Re 13, thanks, John. Now I just have to figure out how it relates to the other equation above &#8230;</p>
<p>w.</p>
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		<title>By: John A</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-39087</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[John A]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2006 17:03:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-39087</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[re #12

Fixed.

It&#039;s just easier to read in LaTeX than trying to guess from text.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>re #12</p>
<p>Fixed.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s just easier to read in LaTeX than trying to guess from text.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>By: Willis Eschenbach</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-39086</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Willis Eschenbach]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2006 16:36:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-39086</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Steve, I &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; there&#039;s an error in the latex version of the formula in #9, the quantity in parentheses should be to the minus p, not to the p ...

w.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Steve, I <em>think</em> there&#8217;s an error in the latex version of the formula in #9, the quantity in parentheses should be to the minus p, not to the p &#8230;</p>
<p>w.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Steve McIntyre</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-39085</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Steve McIntyre]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2006 13:03:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-39085</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[#10.  Yes, that graphic is fun. That was one of the first ones that I noticed in the Mann data set. I corresponded with Hans Erren about it in spring 2003. Hans Erren explained the odd pattern as due to aliasing from rounding. None of this is directly &quot;observed&quot; data. It has all been transformed through an age model to create an observation. At the left end, the layers are squished togethre so that the linear slope represents the inflation of the same measured thickness back to a calculated &quot;accumulation&quot;.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>#10.  Yes, that graphic is fun. That was one of the first ones that I noticed in the Mann data set. I corresponded with Hans Erren about it in spring 2003. Hans Erren explained the odd pattern as due to aliasing from rounding. None of this is directly &#8220;observed&#8221; data. It has all been transformed through an age model to create an observation. At the left end, the layers are squished togethre so that the linear slope represents the inflation of the same measured thickness back to a calculated &#8220;accumulation&#8221;.</p>
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		<title>By: Willis Eschenbach</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-39084</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Willis Eschenbach]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2006 08:34:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-39084</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Steve, you should appreciate this one. It&#039;s the accumulation rates by year for the two cores at Quelccaya ...



w.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Steve, you should appreciate this one. It&#8217;s the accumulation rates by year for the two cores at Quelccaya &#8230;</p>
<p>w.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>By: Willis Eschenbach</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-39083</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Willis Eschenbach]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2006 08:28:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-39083</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Further thoughts. In the Sajama info I found this:

If changes in ice thickness are ignored, the average accumulation rate a(ij) between the dated depth horizons zi and zj (where i, and j, are any two dated horizons) is given by:

          Aij = {1/dt(ij)} * (Integral from zi to zj) (1 - z/H)^-p dz

$latex A_{ij} = {\frac{1}{dt_{ij}} \int_{z_i}^{z_j} (1-{\frac{z}{H}})^{-p} dz  $

where H is the ice thickness, z is the ice-equivalent depth, p is a constant, and dt(ij) is the
number of years between zi and zj.

I&#039;m too tired right now to do the math to see how that relates to your formula above.

w.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Further thoughts. In the Sajama info I found this:</p>
<p>If changes in ice thickness are ignored, the average accumulation rate a(ij) between the dated depth horizons zi and zj (where i, and j, are any two dated horizons) is given by:</p>
<p>          Aij = {1/dt(ij)} * (Integral from zi to zj) (1 &#8211; z/H)^-p dz</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_%7Bij%7D+%3D+%7B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bdt_%7Bij%7D%7D+%5Cint_%7Bz_i%7D%5E%7Bz_j%7D+%281-%7B%5Cfrac%7Bz%7D%7BH%7D%7D%29%5E%7B-p%7D+dz++&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=000&amp;s=0' alt='A_{ij} = {&#92;frac{1}{dt_{ij}} &#92;int_{z_i}^{z_j} (1-{&#92;frac{z}{H}})^{-p} dz  ' title='A_{ij} = {&#92;frac{1}{dt_{ij}} &#92;int_{z_i}^{z_j} (1-{&#92;frac{z}{H}})^{-p} dz  ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>where H is the ice thickness, z is the ice-equivalent depth, p is a constant, and dt(ij) is the<br />
number of years between zi and zj.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m too tired right now to do the math to see how that relates to your formula above.</p>
<p>w.</p>
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		<title>By: Willis Eschenbach</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-39082</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Willis Eschenbach]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2006 08:26:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-39082</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Steve, just started looking at this ... one possibility is that there are several values for &quot;accumulation&quot; &quot;¢&#039;¬? snow accumulation, ice equivalent accumulation, and water equivalent accumulation. For Huarascaran, Thompson gives accumulation figures of:

snow &quot;¢&#039;¬? 3.3m
ice equiv. &quot;¢&#039;¬? 1.4m
h2o equiv. &quot;¢&#039;¬? 1.3m

Unfortunately, neither your formula above nor the Quelccaya text file you link to above say what kind of accumulation they&#039;re talking about ... I suspect the desired figure is h2o equivalent, but Quelccaya doesn&#039;t say what they&#039;re using ... OK, I found it, they do say it&#039;s h20 equivalent.

I just looked up the Sajama core information. No accumulation information, but I did a Solver solution and got a value of 0.02 to match with their dates/depths ... doesn&#039;t make sense. Likely this is because the accumulation rates change over time, as described in TROPICAL GLACIER AND ICE CORE EVIDENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ANNUAL TO MILLENNIAL TIME SCALES.

Unfortunately, they do not give absolute accumulation rates for the various dates, just deviations in sigma from zero ... I&#039;ll have to read more to figure out why.

w.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Steve, just started looking at this &#8230; one possibility is that there are several values for &#8220;accumulation&#8221; &#8220;¢&#8217;¬? snow accumulation, ice equivalent accumulation, and water equivalent accumulation. For Huarascaran, Thompson gives accumulation figures of:</p>
<p>snow &#8220;¢&#8217;¬? 3.3m<br />
ice equiv. &#8220;¢&#8217;¬? 1.4m<br />
h2o equiv. &#8220;¢&#8217;¬? 1.3m</p>
<p>Unfortunately, neither your formula above nor the Quelccaya text file you link to above say what kind of accumulation they&#8217;re talking about &#8230; I suspect the desired figure is h2o equivalent, but Quelccaya doesn&#8217;t say what they&#8217;re using &#8230; OK, I found it, they do say it&#8217;s h20 equivalent.</p>
<p>I just looked up the Sajama core information. No accumulation information, but I did a Solver solution and got a value of 0.02 to match with their dates/depths &#8230; doesn&#8217;t make sense. Likely this is because the accumulation rates change over time, as described in TROPICAL GLACIER AND ICE CORE EVIDENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ANNUAL TO MILLENNIAL TIME SCALES.</p>
<p>Unfortunately, they do not give absolute accumulation rates for the various dates, just deviations in sigma from zero &#8230; I&#8217;ll have to read more to figure out why.</p>
<p>w.</p>
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		<title>By: Steve McIntyre</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-39081</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Steve McIntyre]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2006 04:33:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-39081</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Bump.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Bump.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>By: beng</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2005/10/24/age-models-at-quelccaya-and-kilimanjaro/#comment-39080</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[beng]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Oct 2005 13:19:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=412#comment-39080</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[And if Kilimanjaro is much younger than touted, then it&#039;s prb&#039;ly quite transient, geologically, and any time that it&#039;s growing, or melting &amp; close to disappearing or even gone, won&#039;t necessarily be &quot;unusual&quot;.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>And if Kilimanjaro is much younger than touted, then it&#8217;s prb&#8217;ly quite transient, geologically, and any time that it&#8217;s growing, or melting &amp; close to disappearing or even gone, won&#8217;t necessarily be &#8220;unusual&#8221;.</p>
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