Reduce the flowery language and lets get to the main points.

1: You have stated that the individual features on the sun cannot be understood for the reasons I discussed. This we both agree on.

If the individual features are not understood and important to the understanding of the magnetohydrodynamics of the sun, then how can the variability of the sun be understood?

2: You claim that because there is a tokamak, you have a good understanding of the sun. I did not know that there was a working fusion reactor. If so, it will solve the world’s energy problems. The sun uses gravity to contain the thermonuclear reaction and that is very different than attempting to contain the reaction with magnetic fields. The amount of money spent on a project is not necessarily an indication of the quality of the project.

3: I am a numerical analyst and PDE mathematician well aware of the shortcomings of numerical models and the magnetohydrodynamic equations.

I apologize for non simplification of the problematic questions that arise for the understanding of the manifest phenomena that are observed and our understanding of the stellar systems.This commentary is mostly for the general readership,and I apologize if it is “coals to Newcastle.”for yourself or other readers.

First we divide the component parts of the earth –sun dynamic complex, into three inter-related sections.

i)The sun as a thermonuclear reactor.

ii)The heliospheric coupling, which is the magnetic field connection,the solar wind, transport mechanisms,and particle acceleration.

iii)The earths upper atmosphere ,radiation belts, magnetosphere,and plasmasphere.

Here the level of understanding is relatively high for the sun, as both the physics, mathematics, models, and physical replications exist for the macrocosmic mechanisms. The microcosmic mechanisms provide a degree of complexity that as you comment are difficult to understand or even observe or measure adequately.

As opposed to say climate modelers high energy physicists have both scalable and working experimental models of the thermonuclear mechanism by way of apparatus

The tokamak fusion reactor. Here we have over 50 years of both theory and physical observation in the areas of high energy plasma ,and the difficulties of magnetohydrodynamics physics which is nearly as hard to spell as explain.

Background here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokamak which provides a good historical perspective.

The 20 billion dollar international collaboration project is here. http://www.iter.org/.

The serendipity here with the solar mechanisms and the tokamak reactor enhances the scientific understanding for the astrophysicist.

The sun of course is poorly designed ,and it is difficult to adequately explain the parameters of the asymmetrical oscillations ,or the unexpected mega phenomena by way of prediction.

The level of understanding to calculate the solar output by cyclical oscillation is high.

With regard to the Corona and the temperature differential ,the main understanding is magnetic connection and reconnection with the photosphere.The high energy particle acceleration is consistent with the 5 minute oscillation in the photosphere and emission of high energy particles this sees the changes in the corona to an electric field regime

A comparative analogy is here with some other studies.
III. INFLUENCE OF OHMIC HEATING ON ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION FLOWS

http://astrosun.tn.cornell.edu/us-rus/adaf.htm

I apologise for the brevity but work deadlines appear.I will comment on the other components over the next week.

#61

You can flip solar data upside down, or use NH rec data from another period, almost anything goes to get ‘significant’ correlation

w.

yes, I was referring to Mann’s data,

corrcoef(solar(:,2),co2(:,2))

ans =

1.0000 0.7325
0.7325 1.0000

If you look however, at the sunspot data and Man’s solar activity data you will see that Man’s solar activity data just looks like the sunspot data put though a low pas filter. If that is how Man’s solar activity data was obtained one should notice that the filter is nonlinear because the mean was not subtracted before the filtering took place. This opens up the question about how the sunspot data could be nonlinearly related to the temperature on earth. Since Man’s data is just a filter of the sunspot data it is much better to work with the sunspot data since it is richer and is not collinear with carbon dioxide.

I think that carbon dioxide is far more independent of temperature then most people have been assuming. If you take temperature as a state and carbon dioxide as a state and you try to find a transfer function to predict the future state based on the current state you will find that in the transfer function the CO2 in the next time interval depends very little on the temperature of the previous time interval.