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	<title>Comments on: HadCru Temperature</title>
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	<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/</link>
	<description>by Steve McIntyre</description>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Global Warming Science &#171; Ditelhead&#039;s Blog</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-243337</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Global Warming Science &#171; Ditelhead&#039;s Blog]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 04:42:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-243337</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/ [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] <a href="http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/" rel="nofollow">http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/</a> [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Climate change- &#8220;Duck and Cover&#8221; &#171; Wolfville watch</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-218444</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate change- &#8220;Duck and Cover&#8221; &#171; Wolfville watch]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 Jan 2010 18:36:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-218444</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] if the IPCC says so&#8230;. It can&#8217;t be wrong can it?. [Do read the comments!]  [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] if the IPCC says so&#8230;. It can&#8217;t be wrong can it?. [Do read the comments!]  [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Richard</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-77360</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Richard]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 04 Jul 2009 05:15:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-77360</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I need some feedback on the stats I did with Global temperature data.

When I examined the Global temperature graph from Hadcrut from 1880 to 2008 I found the two more or less sustained periods the temperatures went up were from 1911 to 1944 and 1976 to 2008. Now according to IPCC and HADcrut the temperature changes after 1950 are due to CO2 (anthropogenic), and those before natural. So I computed the trend from 1911 to 1944 which came to +0.161C/Decade and that from 1976 to 2008 which came to +0.168C/decade. No anthropogenic signature seems to be discernable there. Can you check my figures and comment on this? Thanks

I needed to check the facts in the debate whether Global temperatures have stopped increasing since 1998. So I computed the trend from 1998 to 2008(using the slope of the linear regression line) I found that HADcrut gave a trend of -0.006C/decade, UAH -0.05C/decade and GISS +0.1C/decade.

I also heard that the 1998 temperatures were abnormally high because of the biggest el nino ever and 2008 had a el nina bringing the temperatures down and thus the trend is distorted.

Then I plotted the Graph of the slopes of the Global temperature curve from 1976 to 2005, against the years. I found in every case (HADcrut, GISS and UAH), this curve slopes downwards from 1992 and the downward slope increases from 1999.

What is the significance of this? Does this mean that the warming is slowing? And even reversing as it crosses the 0 line into negative territory?

I will be grateful for your feedback.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I need some feedback on the stats I did with Global temperature data.</p>
<p>When I examined the Global temperature graph from Hadcrut from 1880 to 2008 I found the two more or less sustained periods the temperatures went up were from 1911 to 1944 and 1976 to 2008. Now according to IPCC and HADcrut the temperature changes after 1950 are due to CO2 (anthropogenic), and those before natural. So I computed the trend from 1911 to 1944 which came to +0.161C/Decade and that from 1976 to 2008 which came to +0.168C/decade. No anthropogenic signature seems to be discernable there. Can you check my figures and comment on this? Thanks</p>
<p>I needed to check the facts in the debate whether Global temperatures have stopped increasing since 1998. So I computed the trend from 1998 to 2008(using the slope of the linear regression line) I found that HADcrut gave a trend of -0.006C/decade, UAH -0.05C/decade and GISS +0.1C/decade.</p>
<p>I also heard that the 1998 temperatures were abnormally high because of the biggest el nino ever and 2008 had a el nina bringing the temperatures down and thus the trend is distorted.</p>
<p>Then I plotted the Graph of the slopes of the Global temperature curve from 1976 to 2005, against the years. I found in every case (HADcrut, GISS and UAH), this curve slopes downwards from 1992 and the downward slope increases from 1999.</p>
<p>What is the significance of this? Does this mean that the warming is slowing? And even reversing as it crosses the 0 line into negative territory?</p>
<p>I will be grateful for your feedback.</p>
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		<title>By: Peter</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-77359</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Peter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Apr 2009 16:20:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-77359</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Wow.  You guys and your global warming.  Did you know were actually in a cooling trend?  Its true.  If you would look at all the facts indtead of just what you want and look at them for longer than the past 100 years you would have data that contradicts what you are all panicking about.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Wow.  You guys and your global warming.  Did you know were actually in a cooling trend?  Its true.  If you would look at all the facts indtead of just what you want and look at them for longer than the past 100 years you would have data that contradicts what you are all panicking about.</p>
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		<title>By: Geoff Sherrington</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-77358</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Geoff Sherrington]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Apr 2007 05:38:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-77358</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[re 105,

Which is precisely the point I wished to make. The majority of the greenhouse approach is to accept a theory then look for support for it. This mistake is as old as science, yet people persist. This time they maintain the rage by saying that the sky will fall in or some similar major catastrophe will happen. Do you notice the expressions of dismay by some writers who discovered that 2006 globally (by present methods of estimation) was cooler than 2005 and only the 11th hottest year in their data set? Do you notice how many people concentrate on disaster if there is climate change, rather than on benefit?  I have seen this politicisation of science before after our company found the Ranger uranium mines in 1969. Ignorance has held this country&#039;s nuclear program back by a quarter of a century, which could run into half a century. At least we substituted nuclear around the world with our uranium instead of coal and oil, saving some 500 million tonnes of CO2 by my rough count, at essentialy no harm to anyone. Geoff.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>re 105,</p>
<p>Which is precisely the point I wished to make. The majority of the greenhouse approach is to accept a theory then look for support for it. This mistake is as old as science, yet people persist. This time they maintain the rage by saying that the sky will fall in or some similar major catastrophe will happen. Do you notice the expressions of dismay by some writers who discovered that 2006 globally (by present methods of estimation) was cooler than 2005 and only the 11th hottest year in their data set? Do you notice how many people concentrate on disaster if there is climate change, rather than on benefit?  I have seen this politicisation of science before after our company found the Ranger uranium mines in 1969. Ignorance has held this country&#8217;s nuclear program back by a quarter of a century, which could run into half a century. At least we substituted nuclear around the world with our uranium instead of coal and oil, saving some 500 million tonnes of CO2 by my rough count, at essentialy no harm to anyone. Geoff.</p>
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		<title>By: trevor</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-77357</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[trevor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 16 Apr 2007 02:20:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-77357</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Re #104:

A good suggestion Geoff.

An indication of what will be observed can be related by those who have an outside temperature reading device in their car as we do.

For example, just yesterday, between 2:15 and 4:15 I drove 185 km from Marulan NSW to Sydney&#039;s lower north shore.  When we started out, I noted that the temperature was 26 Deg C.  It progressively dropped to 19 Deg C, then increased to a peak of 31 Deg.  Around Liverpool it was around 26 Deg C again, then as we passed Sydney Airport it increased to 30 Deg C.  As we passed along the Eastern Distributor to the east of the city centre, the temperature dropped back to 24 Deg C, increasing to 26 Deg C when we arrived home.

While at the upper end of the normal range fluctuation, the experience yesterday was not unusual.  I also note that temperatures in the far west of sydney are generally both higher and lower than they are on the coast.

This is suggesting that your proposed exercise will find a great deal more complexity in the temperature isobars and will demonstrate the folly of trying to use 1200km square grids.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Re #104:</p>
<p>A good suggestion Geoff.</p>
<p>An indication of what will be observed can be related by those who have an outside temperature reading device in their car as we do.</p>
<p>For example, just yesterday, between 2:15 and 4:15 I drove 185 km from Marulan NSW to Sydney&#8217;s lower north shore.  When we started out, I noted that the temperature was 26 Deg C.  It progressively dropped to 19 Deg C, then increased to a peak of 31 Deg.  Around Liverpool it was around 26 Deg C again, then as we passed Sydney Airport it increased to 30 Deg C.  As we passed along the Eastern Distributor to the east of the city centre, the temperature dropped back to 24 Deg C, increasing to 26 Deg C when we arrived home.</p>
<p>While at the upper end of the normal range fluctuation, the experience yesterday was not unusual.  I also note that temperatures in the far west of sydney are generally both higher and lower than they are on the coast.</p>
<p>This is suggesting that your proposed exercise will find a great deal more complexity in the temperature isobars and will demonstrate the folly of trying to use 1200km square grids.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Geoff Sherrington</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-77356</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Geoff Sherrington]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 16 Apr 2007 01:07:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-77356</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[And Australian data forms such a large part of the Southern Hemisphere model. I think there is a dot for Hobart Tasmania, but most stations started reporting about 1880-90, as I recall from past graphhs.

When mathematicians are presented with sparse data, or data irregularly distributed, they often have to interpolate values between data points. This involves some assumptions. One of these is, &quot;How far distant can a point be before it loses its predictive power for the reference point?&quot; This applies to global temperatures, rainfall, humidity, cloud cover etc. It is more or less a trivial exercise that need not last for more than a year or two, to lay out a grid of say 100 x 100 weather stations in and around a large city preferebly one with hills and water (Say San Francisco or Sydney). From readings taken at each of the 10,000 points, at the same time of day, several times a day and night, one could work well-known mathematics that estimate predictability and uniformity and hence allow the drawing of contour lines for visual presentation. This would be a trivial cost to execute and it would take a geat deal of ucertainty out of current guesses. The whole complex would need to be the size of the artificial cells that currently break up the globe for modelling purposes. It would in turn place limits on cell sizes that were meaningful, not just wishful.

I see exercises like this as far far more important than economists like stern whipping up the hysteria at a hugely grater cost of a hugely lower knowledge base. It&#039;s a bit like learning the alphabet before making words.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>And Australian data forms such a large part of the Southern Hemisphere model. I think there is a dot for Hobart Tasmania, but most stations started reporting about 1880-90, as I recall from past graphhs.</p>
<p>When mathematicians are presented with sparse data, or data irregularly distributed, they often have to interpolate values between data points. This involves some assumptions. One of these is, &#8220;How far distant can a point be before it loses its predictive power for the reference point?&#8221; This applies to global temperatures, rainfall, humidity, cloud cover etc. It is more or less a trivial exercise that need not last for more than a year or two, to lay out a grid of say 100 x 100 weather stations in and around a large city preferebly one with hills and water (Say San Francisco or Sydney). From readings taken at each of the 10,000 points, at the same time of day, several times a day and night, one could work well-known mathematics that estimate predictability and uniformity and hence allow the drawing of contour lines for visual presentation. This would be a trivial cost to execute and it would take a geat deal of ucertainty out of current guesses. The whole complex would need to be the size of the artificial cells that currently break up the globe for modelling purposes. It would in turn place limits on cell sizes that were meaningful, not just wishful.</p>
<p>I see exercises like this as far far more important than economists like stern whipping up the hysteria at a hugely grater cost of a hugely lower knowledge base. It&#8217;s a bit like learning the alphabet before making words.</p>
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		<title>By: Joe Ellebracht</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-77355</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Joe Ellebracht]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Apr 2007 16:03:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-77355</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Mr. Sherrington:
Sampling bias is of course something very different from classic sampling error. I was talking about the HadCru error estimates, and even with a biased sample, the error introduced just from the small and limited in locaion sample can be estimated by comparing the results with those achieved with a larger and more complete sample.

Other errors introduced by any bias in sampling can only be identified by redoing the work without the bias, or at least portions of the work (say Australia) and deriving a correction factor to be applied.

By the way, the cool graphic in #30 above suggested to me no samples in Australia in March 1850.
Joe E]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mr. Sherrington:<br />
Sampling bias is of course something very different from classic sampling error. I was talking about the HadCru error estimates, and even with a biased sample, the error introduced just from the small and limited in locaion sample can be estimated by comparing the results with those achieved with a larger and more complete sample.</p>
<p>Other errors introduced by any bias in sampling can only be identified by redoing the work without the bias, or at least portions of the work (say Australia) and deriving a correction factor to be applied.</p>
<p>By the way, the cool graphic in #30 above suggested to me no samples in Australia in March 1850.<br />
Joe E</p>
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		<title>By: Geoff Sherrington</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-77354</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Geoff Sherrington]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Apr 2007 07:59:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-77354</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hi Joe, re 101. Australia had something over 100 weather stations in 1890. I agree with your point that bias in particular thermometers would affect the history and also that plus or minus errors on a spot basis would tend to average out. What worries me is that the original data used by Jones at al of East Anglia to spark the global warming debate used only about a dozen Australian stations. I have a list of numerous that they deleted, courtesy Warwick Hughes. Of the dozen that were selected for modelling, most showed an increase since 1950 that was more than noise, even by eyeball analysis. This raised the heat island objection because most were capital cities with high growth rates. The rejected, more remote stations showed on average a slow increase in temp from 1890 to 1930, a dip from 1930 to 1950 and then either level or a slight rise to the time in 1980 when Jones started his data analysis (some even showed a drop). Phil Jones says the main difference was the change to different types of weather station design, but if the weather stations were all deficient by modern standards for the first 50 years, their TREND would be useful if their LEVEL was not. Jones and later workers have essentially dismissed a lot of this early data and started their analyses anew from 1950, which is an inflection point upwards on a lot of Australian data. I have deep suspicion that the data were selected impartially and that suspicion continues. Before I will believe in man-made global warming, I will want to see that selective sampling has been eliminated...]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi Joe, re 101. Australia had something over 100 weather stations in 1890. I agree with your point that bias in particular thermometers would affect the history and also that plus or minus errors on a spot basis would tend to average out. What worries me is that the original data used by Jones at al of East Anglia to spark the global warming debate used only about a dozen Australian stations. I have a list of numerous that they deleted, courtesy Warwick Hughes. Of the dozen that were selected for modelling, most showed an increase since 1950 that was more than noise, even by eyeball analysis. This raised the heat island objection because most were capital cities with high growth rates. The rejected, more remote stations showed on average a slow increase in temp from 1890 to 1930, a dip from 1930 to 1950 and then either level or a slight rise to the time in 1980 when Jones started his data analysis (some even showed a drop). Phil Jones says the main difference was the change to different types of weather station design, but if the weather stations were all deficient by modern standards for the first 50 years, their TREND would be useful if their LEVEL was not. Jones and later workers have essentially dismissed a lot of this early data and started their analyses anew from 1950, which is an inflection point upwards on a lot of Australian data. I have deep suspicion that the data were selected impartially and that suspicion continues. Before I will believe in man-made global warming, I will want to see that selective sampling has been eliminated&#8230;</p>
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		<title>By: Joe Ellebracht</title>
		<link>http://climateaudit.org/2007/01/26/hadcru-temperature/#comment-77353</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Joe Ellebracht]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Apr 2007 18:58:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=1106#comment-77353</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Re #43, measurement and sampling errors.  Surely the error in reading the thermometers must average to nearly zero if they are randomly distributed across thousands or tens of thousands of reads. Error from biased thermometers is more likely, and would not necessarily average out to zero, based upon a limited number of manufacturers in the early years.  Even this error is unlikely to be very great given reasonable quality control efforts by the manufacturers or purchasers.   Excluding UHI effects, the greatest source of error has got to be sampling error, with about 11 percent of the world covered in 1862 for example, and that thinly and sporadically.  An estimate of this error could be made. One possible estimating method would be to use only those data gathering locations comprising the 1862 temperature record (or modern day surrogates), aggregated as they were to come up with the 1862 temperature, to analyze the 2000 temperature records and arrive at a test average global 2000 temperature. Ditto for other years.  The difference between the average for the old sparse locations and that for the more complete modern record would give some insight into the sampling error for the older data as compared to the newer data.  Might even give some insight into modern data sampling error.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Re #43, measurement and sampling errors.  Surely the error in reading the thermometers must average to nearly zero if they are randomly distributed across thousands or tens of thousands of reads. Error from biased thermometers is more likely, and would not necessarily average out to zero, based upon a limited number of manufacturers in the early years.  Even this error is unlikely to be very great given reasonable quality control efforts by the manufacturers or purchasers.   Excluding UHI effects, the greatest source of error has got to be sampling error, with about 11 percent of the world covered in 1862 for example, and that thinly and sporadically.  An estimate of this error could be made. One possible estimating method would be to use only those data gathering locations comprising the 1862 temperature record (or modern day surrogates), aggregated as they were to come up with the 1862 temperature, to analyze the 2000 temperature records and arrive at a test average global 2000 temperature. Ditto for other years.  The difference between the average for the old sparse locations and that for the more complete modern record would give some insight into the sampling error for the older data as compared to the newer data.  Might even give some insight into modern data sampling error.</p>
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